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NEET Physics and Measurement MCQs with answers

194 questions on Physics and Measurement for NEET 2027, 1 of them from previous NEET papers. Below are 15 to try; tap a question to see its answer and explanation.

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15 sample questions

easyNEET 2022

1. The dimensional formula of angular momentum is:

  1. [ML²T⁻²]
  2. [ML²T⁻¹]
  3. [MLT⁻¹]
  4. [ML⁻¹T⁻²]
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (B) [ML²T⁻¹]

Angular momentum L = mvr = [M][LT⁻¹][L] = [ML²T⁻¹]. Same dimensions as Planck's constant h.

Quick tip: Angular momentum = Planck's constant in dimensions. Both are [ML²T⁻¹].

NCERT Class 11, Chapter 2, page 22

easy

2. A screw gauge has a pitch of 1 mm and 100 divisions on its circular scale. Its least count is:

  1. 0.01 mm
  2. 1 mm
  3. 100 mm
  4. 0.1 mm
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (A) 0.01 mm

Least count = pitch / number of circular-scale divisions = 1/100 = 0.01 mm.

Quick tip: Least count = pitch ÷ circular divisions.

NCERT Class 11

medium

3. Z = A²B³/C, where A, B and C are measured with percentage errors of 1.5%, 0.5% and 3%. The maximum possible percentage error in Z is:

  1. 5 %
  2. 4.5 %
  3. 1.5 %
  4. 7.5 %
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (D) 7.5 %

Relative errors add, each multiplied by its power, even for a quantity in the denominator: ΔZ/Z = 2(ΔA/A) + 3(ΔB/B) + ΔC/C = 2×1.5 + 3×0.5 + 3 = 7.5%.

Quick tip: Multiply each percentage error by its power and always add, never subtract.

NCERT Class 11

hard

4. If velocity V, acceleration A, and force F are chosen as fundamental quantities, the dimensional formula of Young's modulus Y is:

  1. [F A V⁻²]
  2. [F A³ V⁻²]
  3. [F² A V⁻⁴]
  4. [F A² V⁻⁴]
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (D) [F A² V⁻⁴]

Let Y = Fᵃ Aᵇ Vᶜ. Dimensions of Y (stress) are [M L⁻¹ T⁻²]. [F] = [M L T⁻²], [A] = [L T⁻²], [V] = [L T⁻¹]. Thus, [M L⁻¹ T⁻²] = [M L T⁻²]ᵃ [L T⁻²]ᵇ [L T⁻¹]ᶜ = Mᵃ Lᵃ⁺ᵇ⁺ᶜ T⁻²ᵃ⁻²ᵇ⁻ᶜ. Comparing powers gives a = 1; a + b + c = -1; -2a - 2b - c = -2. Solving yields b = 2 and c = -4. Hence, [Y] = [F A² V⁻⁴].

medium

5. A physical quantity is calculated as Q = A²/B. The percentage errors in measuring A and B are 1% and 1%. The maximum percentage error in Q is:

  1. 1 %
  2. 6 %
  3. 3 %
  4. 2 %
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (C) 3 %

Maximum relative errors add for products and quotients, weighted by powers: 2×1% + 1×1% = 3%.

easy

6. Consider the following two statements regarding measurements in physics: Statement I: Systematic errors can be minimized by improving experimental techniques and calibrating instruments. Statement II: The magnitude of the least count of an instrument represents the maximum random error possible in a single reading.

  1. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
  2. Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
  3. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
  4. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (B) Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect

Statement I is correct because systematic errors arise from known flaws in instruments or techniques and can be eliminated or reduced by proper calibration and better methods. Statement II is incorrect because the least count is the smallest value that can be measured by the instrument; it is related to the resolution/instrumental error, not the maximum possible random error, which can be larger or smaller depending on external variations and operator inconsistency.

hard

7. If the unit of force is 100 N, unit of length is 10 m and unit of time is 100 s, what is the unit of mass in this new system?

  1. 1.0 × 10⁴ kg
  2. 1.0 × 10³ kg
  3. 1.0 × 10⁵ kg
  4. 1.0 × 10² kg
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (C) 1.0 × 10⁵ kg

Force = Mass × Acceleration = M L T⁻². Therefore, M = Force × T² / L. Substituting given values: M = (100 N) × (100 s)² / (10 m) = 100 × 10000 / 10 = 100,000 kg = 1.0 × 10⁵ kg.

easy

8. In the van der Waals gas equation (P + a/V²)(V - b) = RT, the dimensional formula of the ratio a/b is identical to that of:

  1. Pressure
  2. Force
  3. Compressibility
  4. Energy
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (D) Energy

By the principle of homogeneity, [a/V²] = [P], so [a] = [P][V²] = [M L⁻¹ T⁻²][L⁶] = [M L⁵ T⁻²]. Also, [b] = [V] = [L³]. Thus, [a/b] = [M L⁵ T⁻²] / [L³] = [M L² T⁻²], which is the dimension of energy.

medium

9. Z = A²B³/C, where A, B and C are measured with percentage errors of 2%, 1% and 2%. The maximum possible percentage error in Z is:

  1. 5 %
  2. 4.5 %
  3. 9 %
  4. 12 %
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (C) 9 %

Relative errors add, each multiplied by its power, even for a quantity in the denominator: ΔZ/Z = 2(ΔA/A) + 3(ΔB/B) + ΔC/C = 2×2 + 3×1 + 2 = 9%.

Quick tip: Multiply each percentage error by its power and always add, never subtract.

NCERT Class 11

easy

10. The dimensional formula of the universal gravitational constant G is:

  1. [M L³ T⁻²]
  2. [M L² T⁻²]
  3. [M⁻¹ L² T⁻¹]
  4. [M⁻¹ L³ T⁻²]
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (D) [M⁻¹ L³ T⁻²]

From Newton's law of gravitation, F = G m₁ m₂ / r², so G = F r² / (m₁ m₂). Substituting dimensions, [G] = [M L T⁻²][L²] / [M²] = [M⁻¹ L³ T⁻²].

easy

11. Which of the following physical quantities has the dimensional formula [M⁰ L² T⁻²]?

  1. Specific heat capacity
  2. Thermal capacity
  3. Latent heat
  4. Water equivalent
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (C) Latent heat

Latent heat L is defined as heat per unit mass (Q/m). Its dimensional formula is [M L² T⁻²] / [M] = [M⁰ L² T⁻²]. Specific heat capacity has dimensions [M⁰ L² T⁻² K⁻¹].

easy

12. The dimensions of solar constant (energy received per unit area per unit second) are:

  1. [M L T⁻³]
  2. [M L² T⁻²]
  3. [M L⁰ T⁻³]
  4. [M L⁰ T⁻²]
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (C) [M L⁰ T⁻³]

Solar constant has units of energy per unit area per second (W m⁻²). Its dimensional formula is [M L² T⁻²] / ([L²] [T]) = [M L⁰ T⁻³].

medium

13. According to the ideal gas law PV = nRT, the universal gas constant R has the SI unit of J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹. Its representation strictly in terms of fundamental SI base units is:

  1. kg·m²·s⁻²·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹
  2. kg·m·s⁻²·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹
  3. kg·m²·s⁻¹·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹
  4. kg·m³·s⁻²·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (A) kg·m²·s⁻²·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹

Since R has the unit J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹ and 1 Joule = 1 N·m = 1 kg·m²·s⁻², the base unit representation of R is kg·m²·s⁻²·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹.

medium

14. The velocity v of an effluent liquid coming out of an orifice depends on the height h of the liquid column above the hole, the density ρ of the liquid, and the acceleration due to gravity g as v = k · hᵃ ρᵇ gᶜ, where k is a dimensionless constant. The values of a, b, and c are respectively:

  1. 0, 1/2, 1/2
  2. 1/2, 1/2, 0
  3. 1, 0, 1/2
  4. 1/2, 0, 1/2
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (D) 1/2, 0, 1/2

Dimensional formula for velocity is [L T⁻¹]. Writing [L T⁻¹] = [L]ᵃ [M L⁻³]ᵇ [L T⁻²]ᶜ = [Mᵇ L^(a - 3b + c) T^(-2c)]. Equating exponents gives b = 0, -2c = -1 ⇒ c = 1/2, and a - 0 + 1/2 = 1 ⇒ a = 1/2.

medium

15. According to the principle of homogeneity, an equation is dimensionally correct only if:

  1. It contains no constants
  2. All quantities are vectors
  3. All terms on both sides have the same dimensions
  4. The numerical values on both sides are equal
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (C) All terms on both sides have the same dimensions

Only quantities with the same dimensions can be added, subtracted or equated, so every term in a correct equation must have identical dimensions.

NCERT Class 11

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