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Human reproduction: NEET MCQs with answers

138 questions on this topic of Reproduction (NEET 2027 syllabus). Here are 12; tap one to see its answer and explanation.

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easy

1. In humans, fertilisation normally takes place in the:

  1. Ampullary region of the fallopian tube
  2. Cervix
  3. Uterus
  4. Isthmus of the oviduct
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Answer: (A) Ampullary region of the fallopian tube

Fertilisation can occur only if the ovum and sperms are transported simultaneously to the ampullary region of the fallopian tube.

NCERT Class 12

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2. One primary spermatocyte, after completing meiosis, forms how many spermatids?

  1. Eight
  2. Four
  3. Two
  4. One
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Answer: (B) Four

A primary spermatocyte (2n) completes meiosis I to form two secondary spermatocytes (n), which complete meiosis II to form four haploid spermatids.

NCERT Class 12

hard

3. Primary oocytes enter the first meiotic division and get temporarily arrested at:

  1. Prophase I
  2. Metaphase II
  3. Anaphase I
  4. Telophase II
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Answer: (A) Prophase I

Oogonia start division, enter prophase I of meiosis and get temporarily arrested at that stage as primary oocytes.

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4. The glandular tissue of each human breast is divided into 15-20 mammary lobes containing clusters of cells called:

  1. Alveoli
  2. Acini of pancreas
  3. Islets
  4. Follicles
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Answer: (A) Alveoli

Each mammary lobe has clusters of cells called alveoli, which secrete milk stored in their lumens. Alveoli open into mammary tubules that join to form mammary ducts and then lactiferous ducts.

NCERT Class 12

easy

5. In a normal 28-day human menstrual cycle, on which day does ovulation typically occur, and what triggers it?

  1. Day 14, triggered by the LH surge
  2. Day 5, triggered by a drop in progesterone
  3. Day 21, triggered by elevated hCG
  4. Day 28, triggered by rising FSH levels
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Answer: (A) Day 14, triggered by the LH surge

Rapid secretion of LH leading to its maximum level mid-cycle (around the 14th day), known as the LH surge, induces the rupture of the Graafian follicle and thereby the release of an ovum (ovulation).

hard

6. For normal fertility, at least what percentage of the sperms in an ejaculate must have normal shape and size, and at least what percentage must show vigorous motility?

  1. 40 per cent normal shape; 60 per cent motility
  2. 60 per cent normal shape and size; 40 per cent vigorous motility
  3. 90 per cent normal shape; 10 per cent motility
  4. 20 per cent normal shape; 20 per cent motility
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Answer: (B) 60 per cent normal shape and size; 40 per cent vigorous motility

A human male ejaculates about 200–300 million sperms; for normal fertility at least 60 per cent must have normal shape and size and at least 40 per cent vigorous motility.

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7. Given below are two statements: Statement I: The first movements of the foetus and appearance of hair on the head are usually observed during the fifth month of pregnancy. Statement II: By the end of 24 weeks (end of second trimester), the body is covered with fine hair, eye-lids separate, and eyelashes are formed. In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:

  1. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
  2. Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
  3. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
  4. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
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Answer: (A) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct

According to NCERT embryology data, the first movements of the foetus and appearance of hair on the head are typically noted during the 5th month of gestation. By the end of 24 weeks (second trimester), fine body hair develops, eye-lids separate, and eyelashes are formed.

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8. The average duration of human pregnancy is about:

  1. 6 months
  2. 9 months
  3. 12 months
  4. 3 months
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Answer: (B) 9 months

Human pregnancy lasts about 9 months, after which parturition takes place.

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9. The middle piece of a human sperm possesses numerous:

  1. Lysosomes
  2. Acrosomes
  3. Mitochondria, which provide energy for movement
  4. Ribosomes
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Answer: (C) Mitochondria, which provide energy for movement

The middle piece has numerous mitochondria that produce energy for tail movement, giving sperm motility. The acrosome on the head contains enzymes for fertilisation.

NCERT Class 12

hard

10. During human embryonic development, the inner cell mass differentiates into the embryo proper. Just prior to gastrulation, it differentiates into which initial two distinct cell layers?

  1. Outer epiblast and inner hypoblast
  2. Outer trophoblast and inner mesoderm
  3. Ectoderm and endoderm directly, skipping bilayer formation
  4. Syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast
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Answer: (A) Outer epiblast and inner hypoblast

Before forming the definitive three germ layers during gastrulation, the inner cell mass organizes into a bilaminar embryonic disc comprising an upper/outer epiblast and a lower/inner hypoblast. The epiblast subsequently gives rise to all three germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm).

hard

11. Which hormone is secreted by the ovary in the later phase of pregnancy?

  1. Prolactin only
  2. hCG
  3. hPL
  4. Relaxin
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Answer: (D) Relaxin

During pregnancy the placenta secretes hCG, hPL, estrogens and progestogens. In the later phase of pregnancy, relaxin is secreted by the ovary.

NCERT Class 12

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12. The testes are situated outside the abdominal cavity within the scrotum. The scrotum helps in maintaining the temperature of the testes:

  1. 10 °C lower than body temperature
  2. 5 °C higher than body temperature
  3. Exactly equal to body temperature
  4. 2–2.5 °C lower than the normal internal body temperature, necessary for spermatogenesis
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Answer: (D) 2–2.5 °C lower than the normal internal body temperature, necessary for spermatogenesis

The scrotum keeps the testes 2–2.5 °C below internal body temperature, which is necessary for spermatogenesis.

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