NEETAceToday's NEET Daily

NEET Human Physiology MCQs with answers

863 questions on Human Physiology for NEET 2027, 5 of them from previous NEET papers. Below are 15 to try; tap a question to see its answer and explanation.

Practise all 863 questions freePlay today's NEET Daily

Free with a Google sign-in; NEET Daily needs no sign-in at all.

Practise Human Physiology topic by topic

15 sample questions

easyNEET 2022

1. Functional unit of kidney:

  1. Glomerulus
  2. Nephron
  3. Loop of Henle
  4. Bowman's capsule
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (B) Nephron

Nephron = structural + functional unit. ~1 million per kidney.

Quick tip: Nephron=kidney unit. Neuron=nerve unit. Sarcomere=muscle unit.

NCERT Class 11, Chapter 19, page 307

mediumNEET 2022

2. Myelin sheath in PNS produced by:

  1. Astrocytes
  2. Oligodendrocytes
  3. Schwann cells
  4. Microglia
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (C) Schwann cells

PNS: Schwann cells. CNS: Oligodendrocytes. Astrocytes=structural. Microglia=immune.

Quick tip: PNS myelin=Schwann. CNS myelin=Oligodendrocytes. Schwann also helps nerve regeneration.

NCERT Class 11, Chapter 21, page 338

easyNEET 2023

3. Pacemaker of the heart is:

  1. AV node
  2. SA node
  3. Bundle of His
  4. Purkinje fibres
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (B) SA node

SA node (right atrium): 70-75 bpm, natural pacemaker.

Quick tip: SA node=pacemaker=right atrium. AV=40-60 bpm backup. His/Purkinje=20-40 bpm.

NCERT Class 11, Chapter 18, page 294

easy

4. In a human adult female, a sudden surge in which hormone directly triggers the rupture of the Graafian follicle and causes ovulation?

  1. LH (Luteinizing Hormone)
  2. FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone)
  3. Progesterone
  4. Estradiol
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (A) LH (Luteinizing Hormone)

In females, a rapid secretion of LH leading to its maximum level during the mid-cycle (called LH surge) induces rupture of the mature Graafian follicle and thereby the release of an ovum (ovulation).

medium

5. At the point of fusion of the ilium, ischium and pubis there is a cavity called the acetabulum, which articulates with:

  1. The humerus
  2. The thigh bone (femur)
  3. The tibia
  4. The sacrum
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (B) The thigh bone (femur)

The acetabulum is the cavity to which the thigh bone (femur) articulates. The two halves of the pelvic girdle meet ventrally to form the pubic symphysis.

hard

6. Steroid hormones and iodothyronines act through intracellular receptors and mostly regulate:

  1. Opening of ion channels only
  2. Second messenger production at the membrane
  3. Gene expression or chromosome function by interaction of the hormone–receptor complex with the genome
  4. Neurotransmitter release
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (C) Gene expression or chromosome function by interaction of the hormone–receptor complex with the genome

Lipid-soluble hormones like steroids and iodothyronines bind intracellular receptors; the complex interacts with the genome to regulate gene expression.

medium

7. Gastrin acts on the gastric glands and stimulates:

  1. Secretion of hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen
  2. Secretion of bicarbonate by the pancreas
  3. Contraction of the gall bladder
  4. Inhibition of gastric motility
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (A) Secretion of hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen

Gastrin stimulates gastric glands to secrete HCl and pepsinogen.

easy

8. The glomerulus together with Bowman's capsule is called the:

  1. Malpighian body (renal corpuscle)
  2. Juxtaglomerular apparatus
  3. Loop of Henle
  4. Collecting duct
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (A) Malpighian body (renal corpuscle)

The glomerulus is a tuft of capillaries formed by the afferent arteriole. Together with the double-walled Bowman's capsule it forms the Malpighian body or renal corpuscle.

NCERT Class 11

hard

9. At a chemical synapse, when an impulse arrives at the axon terminal, it:

  1. Directly passes electrical current into the post-synaptic neuron
  2. Stimulates movement of synaptic vesicles towards the membrane, where they fuse with the plasma membrane and release neurotransmitters into the cleft
  3. Causes the post-synaptic neuron to release neurotransmitters
  4. Stops the Na+–K+ pump
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (B) Stimulates movement of synaptic vesicles towards the membrane, where they fuse with the plasma membrane and release neurotransmitters into the cleft

The impulse moves synaptic vesicles to the pre-synaptic membrane; they fuse and release neurotransmitters into the cleft, which bind receptors on the post-synaptic membrane.

medium

10. The human vertebral column consists of:

  1. 33 vertebrae
  2. 26 serially arranged vertebrae
  3. 24 vertebrae
  4. 31 vertebrae
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (B) 26 serially arranged vertebrae

The adult vertebral column has 26 vertebrae: cervical 7, thoracic 12, lumbar 5, sacral 1 (fused) and coccygeal 1 (fused).

NCERT Class 11

medium

11. Given below are two statements. Statement I: In the resting state, the outer surface of the axonal membrane carries a positive charge and the inner surface is negatively charged. Statement II: The sodium–potassium pump transports 2 Na+ outwards for 3 K+ into the cell. Choose the correct answer.

  1. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
  2. Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
  3. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
  4. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (B) Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect

The resting membrane is polarised with a positive outer surface. The pump moves 3 Na+ out for 2 K+ in, so Statement II is incorrect.

medium

12. The brain stem consists of the:

  1. Cerebellum and medulla only
  2. Hypothalamus and pituitary
  3. Cerebrum, thalamus and hypothalamus
  4. Midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (D) Midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata

The midbrain and hindbrain together form the brain stem, made of midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata. It connects the brain with the spinal cord.

NCERT Class 11

medium

13. The cerebral aqueduct is a canal that passes through the:

  1. Spinal cord only
  2. Cerebrum
  3. Cerebellum
  4. Midbrain
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (D) Midbrain

The cerebral aqueduct passes through the midbrain, which lies between the forebrain and the pons.

medium

14. Ammonia is excreted mostly by diffusion across body surfaces or through gill surfaces as ammonium ions in:

  1. Birds
  2. Mammals
  3. Many bony fishes, aquatic amphibians and aquatic insects
  4. Terrestrial reptiles
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (C) Many bony fishes, aquatic amphibians and aquatic insects

Ammonia is highly soluble and toxic, needing much water for elimination; ammonotelic animals include many bony fishes, aquatic amphibians and aquatic insects.

medium

15. The joint between the atlas and the axis is a:

  1. Saddle joint
  2. Gliding joint
  3. Hinge joint
  4. Pivot joint
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (D) Pivot joint

The joint between atlas and axis is a pivot joint.

Want more on Human Physiology? Practise every question with instant answers, mark your mistakes for revision and see your accuracy by topic. Free to start with a Google sign-in, no card needed.
Start practising Human Physiology

More NEET Biology chapters