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Animal tissues and brief morphology/anatomy/functions of frog systems: NEET MCQs with answers

110 questions on this topic of Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants (NEET 2027 syllabus). Here are 12; tap one to see its answer and explanation.

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easy

1. In the human body, tendons attach:

  1. Cartilage to bone
  2. Muscle to muscle
  3. Bone to bone
  4. Skeletal muscle to bone
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Answer: (D) Skeletal muscle to bone

Tendons, a dense regular connective tissue, attach skeletal muscles to bones. Ligaments attach one bone to another.

NCERT Class 11

medium

2. Which among the following options correctly specifies the primary nitrogenous waste excreted by a frog and its tadpole larva respectively?

  1. Frog: Ammonia; Tadpole: Uric acid
  2. Frog: Urea; Tadpole: Uric acid
  3. Frog: Uric acid; Tadpole: Urea
  4. Frog: Urea; Tadpole: Ammonia
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (D) Frog: Urea; Tadpole: Ammonia

An adult frog is ureotelic, excreting primarily urea via kidneys. The aquatic tadpole larva excretes toxic ammonia directly into water, making it ammonotelic.

hard

3. Junctions that perform a cementing function to keep neighbouring cells together are:

  1. Adhering junctions
  2. Tight junctions
  3. Gap junctions
  4. Synapses
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Answer: (A) Adhering junctions

Tight junctions stop substances leaking across a tissue; adhering junctions cement cells together; gap junctions connect cytoplasm for rapid transfer of ions, small molecules and sometimes big molecules.

medium

4. Most of the cartilages in vertebrate embryos are replaced by bones in adults. In adults, cartilage is present in the:

  1. Liver
  2. Tip of the nose, outer ear joints, between adjacent bones of the vertebral column, limbs and hands
  3. Brain
  4. Heart muscle
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Answer: (B) Tip of the nose, outer ear joints, between adjacent bones of the vertebral column, limbs and hands

Cartilage cells (chondrocytes) are enclosed in small cavities within the matrix they secrete.

easy

5. Which of the following cell junctions prevents substances from leaking across an epithelial tissue layer?

  1. Adhering junction
  2. Gap junction
  3. Tight junction
  4. Desmosome
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Answer: (C) Tight junction

Tight junctions help to stop substances from leaking across a tissue. Adhering junctions perform cementing to keep neighbouring cells together, while gap junctions facilitate cytoplasmic communication.

hard

6. Cardiac muscle cells assemble in a branching pattern and contract as a unit, i.e. when one cell receives a signal, all are stimulated. This is because of:

  1. Absence of cell junctions
  2. Cell junctions that fuse the plasma membranes of cardiac muscle cells (intercalated discs)
  3. Neural stimulation of each cell separately
  4. Smooth surfaces
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (B) Cell junctions that fuse the plasma membranes of cardiac muscle cells (intercalated discs)

Communication junctions (intercalated discs) at fusion points allow the cells to contract as a unit.

easy

7. Squamous epithelium is found in the:

  1. Ducts of glands
  2. Fallopian tubes
  3. Walls of blood vessels and air sacs of lungs
  4. Lining of the stomach
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Answer: (C) Walls of blood vessels and air sacs of lungs

Simple squamous epithelium is a single thin layer of flattened cells found in blood vessel walls and lung alveoli, where diffusion takes place.

NCERT Class 11

medium

8. Read the following two statements regarding frog anatomy: Statement I: The ventricle of the frog's heart opens into the conus arteriosus on the ventral side. Statement II: The hepatic portal system is a special venous connection between the liver and intestine in frogs. Choose the correct option:

  1. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
  2. Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
  3. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
  4. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (A) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct

Both statements are correct. In frogs, the ventricle opens into a sac-like conus arteriosus on the ventral side of the heart, and a distinct hepatic portal system connects the alimentary canal/intestine to the liver.

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9. Match the items in Column I with those in Column II regarding the frog anatomy: Column I: (A) Cloaca (B) Microvilli (C) Mesorchium (D) Foramen magnum Column II: (I) Absorption of digested food in intestine (II) Common chamber for alimentary, urinary, and reproductive tracts (III) Peritoneum fold attaching testes to kidneys (IV) Passage through which brain connects to spinal cord Choose the correct answer:

  1. (A)-(IV), (B)-(I), (C)-(III), (D)-(II)
  2. (A)-(II), (B)-(III), (C)-(I), (D)-(IV)
  3. (A)-(II), (B)-(I), (C)-(III), (D)-(IV)
  4. (A)-(III), (B)-(I), (C)-(II), (D)-(IV)
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (C) (A)-(II), (B)-(I), (C)-(III), (D)-(IV)

The cloaca serves as a common chamber for faecal matter, urine, and gametes. Microvilli and villi in the intestine absorb digested food. Mesorchium is the double fold of peritoneum attaching the testes to the kidneys. The medulla oblongata passes out through the foramen magnum and continues into the spinal cord.

hard

10. In the male frog, the testes are attached to the upper part of the kidneys by a double fold of peritoneum called the:

  1. Mesovarium
  2. Mesentery
  3. Pericardium
  4. Mesorchium
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Answer: (D) Mesorchium

Male frogs have a pair of yellowish, ovoid testes attached to the kidneys by the mesorchium. Vasa efferentia arise from the testes and open into Bidder's canal.

NCERT Class 11

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11. In the frog, the well-organised sense organs are the:

  1. Taste buds and nasal epithelium
  2. Sensory papillae
  3. Skin and tongue
  4. Eyes and internal ears
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Answer: (D) Eyes and internal ears

Frogs have organs of touch, taste, smell, vision and hearing. Of these, the eyes and internal ears are well-organised structures; the rest are cellular aggregations around nerve endings.

NCERT Class 11

medium

12. Skeletal muscle fibres are:

  1. Smooth and involuntary
  2. Branched with intercalated discs
  3. Found only in the heart
  4. Striated and voluntary, closely attached to bones
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (D) Striated and voluntary, closely attached to bones

Skeletal muscle is closely attached to skeletal bones. Its fibres are striated and under voluntary control, e.g. the biceps.

NCERT Class 11

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