NEETAceToday's NEET Daily

Flowering-plant morphology, modifications, tissues, anatomy and functions: NEET MCQs with answers

137 questions on this topic of Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants (NEET 2027 syllabus). Here are 12; tap one to see its answer and explanation.

Practise Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants freeAll Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants questions

Free with a Google sign-in; NEET Daily needs no sign-in at all.

easy

1. In wheat, the primary root is short-lived and is replaced by many roots arising from the base of the stem. This is a:

  1. Adventitious stilt root
  2. Pneumatophore
  3. Fibrous root system
  4. Tap root system
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (C) Fibrous root system

Monocots such as wheat have a fibrous root system. Dicots such as mustard have a tap root system that develops from the radicle.

NCERT Class 11

medium

2. Phloem fibres (bast fibres) are generally absent in the primary phloem but found in secondary phloem. Commercially used fibres from phloem are obtained from:

  1. Cotton seeds
  2. Jute, flax and hemp
  3. Coconut
  4. Rubber
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (B) Jute, flax and hemp

Phloem fibres of jute, flax and hemp are used commercially.

hard

3. Stamens of citrus are united into more than two bundles. This condition is:

  1. Diadelphous
  2. Monoadelphous
  3. Polyadelphous
  4. Epipetalous
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (C) Polyadelphous

Monoadelphous: one bundle (China rose); diadelphous: two bundles (pea); polyadelphous: more than two bundles (citrus).

medium

4. A monocot root usually differs from a dicot root in having:

  1. More than six (polyarch) xylem bundles
  2. No pericycle
  3. Secondary growth
  4. 2-4 xylem bundles
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (A) More than six (polyarch) xylem bundles

Dicot roots usually have 2-4 xylem bundles, whereas monocot roots are polyarch with more than six. Monocot roots do not undergo secondary growth.

NCERT Class 11

easy

5. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding the root system and regions of a typical root tip?

  1. The root cap protects the tender apex of the root as it makes its way through the soil.
  2. Cells of the region of meristematic activity are very small, thin-walled, with dense protoplasm.
  3. Root hairs arise as fine, delicate thread-like structures from the elongation zone.
  4. Cells of the elongation zone undergo rapid elongation and enlargement and are responsible for root growth in length.
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (C) Root hairs arise as fine, delicate thread-like structures from the elongation zone.

Root hairs develop from the region of maturation (epidermal cells), not from the elongation zone. The zone of elongation is responsible for the growth of the root in length.

hard

6. Assertion (A): Collenchyma is absent in monocots. Reason (R): Collenchyma cells are dead with lignified walls. Choose the correct option.

  1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
  2. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
  3. A is true but R is false
  4. A is false but R is true
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (C) A is true but R is false

Collenchyma is generally absent in monocots, but its cells are living with cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin thickenings, not lignin.

hard

7. In insectivorous plants such as the pitcher plant and Venus fly trap, the structures that trap insects are modified:

  1. Roots
  2. Stems
  3. Leaves
  4. Flowers
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (C) Leaves

Leaves are modified into pitchers or traps; in onion and garlic, fleshy leaves store food; in pea, leaflets form tendrils.

hard

8. In a palmately compound leaf, such as that of silk cotton, the leaflets are attached at:

  1. A common point, i.e. at the tip of the petiole
  2. Along a common axis, the rachis
  3. The base of the stem
  4. Separate nodes
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (A) A common point, i.e. at the tip of the petiole

In pinnately compound leaves (neem) leaflets are on a rachis; in palmately compound leaves (silk cotton) they are attached at the tip of the petiole.

hard

9. Gymnosperms lack sieve tubes and companion cells. Instead, they have:

  1. Albuminous cells and sieve cells
  2. Vessels
  3. Tracheids in phloem
  4. Phloem fibres only
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (A) Albuminous cells and sieve cells

Gymnosperm phloem has albuminous cells and sieve cells.

medium

10. The three tissue systems in plants, based on their structure and location, are:

  1. Xylem, phloem and cambium
  2. Meristematic, permanent and complex systems
  3. Epidermal, ground (fundamental) and vascular tissue systems
  4. Cortex, pith and pericycle
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (C) Epidermal, ground (fundamental) and vascular tissue systems

Plant tissues are organised into the epidermal, ground and vascular tissue systems.

medium

11. The scar on the seed coat through which the developing seed was attached to the fruit is the:

  1. Micropyle
  2. Hilum
  3. Testa
  4. Tegmen
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (B) Hilum

Above the hilum is a small pore, the micropyle; the seed coat has an outer testa and inner tegmen.

medium

12. In banana, pineapple and Chrysanthemum, lateral branches originate from the basal and underground portion of the main stem, grow horizontally beneath the soil and then come out obliquely upward. These are:

  1. Offsets
  2. Suckers
  3. Runners
  4. Rhizomes
Show answer and explanation

Answer: (B) Suckers

Suckers give rise to leafy shoots and are a means of vegetative propagation.

Keep going with Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants. All 347 questions with instant answers, your mistakes saved for revision and your accuracy by topic.
Start practising

Other topics in Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants